Regeneration

Personalized grafts, bioinks, and off-the-shelf tissues are advancing regenerative medicine toward broader clinical use. The post Tissue Engineering Takes Shape appeared first on GEN - Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News.

Scientists from Skoltech, together with colleagues from the Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lomonosov Moscow State University and other organizations, conducted a comparative study of the 3D genome organization in neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells and in neurons of the adult human brain. The authors collected and processed more than 300 3D genome maps covering 62 human samples and 34 mouse samples, including data on embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, neural progenitors, fetal and postmortem neurons, as well as neurons differentiated in vitro.

A study led by researchers from the Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP) and the Blood and Tissue Bank (BST) has developed and validated a manufacturing platform for extracellular vesicles that meets pharmaceutical quality requirements, marking a key step toward their clinical application.

A protein that helps build teeth may one day be used to allow damaged teeth to repair themselves.

More than just a precious gemstone for jewelry, diamond has properties that make it attractive for several next-generation, high-performance technologies. Its high thermal conductivity can help move heat away from semiconductor devices, while its wide bandgap is promising for high-power electronics. Moreover, its transparency in the visible light range makes diamond useful for demanding optical applications.

Archaea Behind Complex Life The microbes closest to the ancestor of complex life turn out to be plain

Peripheral nerves are capable of regeneration to restore connections across gaps caused by injury, but the larger the gap the less likelihood of a successful outcome. The medical community has developed approaches that help by laying guides along the path that regrowth must take, often composed of donor nerve tissue, which may be taken from elsewhere in the patient, but these are far from optimal. There is considerable research interest in the development of entirely artificial nerve regrowth guides that have a low cost and high rate of success in stimulating the necessary regeneration for a complete restoration of function. The paper here is an example of this sort of research and development, focused on bioprinting an implantable path for nerve regrowth. Conventional cell-laden electro-direct […]

A new doctoral dissertation by Omar Anwar Elkadi in the field of Applied Physics on near-infrared spectroscopy for the continuous monitoring of tissue-engineered cartilage will be defended at the Faculty of Science, Forestry and Technology, Kuopio campus, of the University of Eastern Finland on Oct. 30.

The presence of non-native trees is often seen as an obstacle to the recovery of tropical forests regrowing in previously deforested areas. To better understand the behavior of these plants over time in both humid and dry forests, researchers from approximately 60 institutions analyzed data from over 1,500 areas of forest regeneration across the Americas. The results, published in the journal Nature Plants, indicate that the initial dominance of exotic species is temporary. They multiply easily during the first 10 to 20 years, taking advantage of abundant sunlight in open areas. However, they decline as native trees grow and shade the forest.

Scientists from Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore) have developed a new class of light-activated compounds that could lead to safer and more versatile applications in 3D printing, cosmetics and medicine.

If you've ever created a snowflake by folding, cutting and unfolding a piece of paper, you've practiced the art of kirigami. Like origami, kirigami has inspired innovations far beyond the elementary school classroom, with applications ranging from deployable structures for spacecraft to semiconductors.

In a study of fingertip regeneration, a team led by JAX senior research scientist James Godwin found that some immune cells in mice can attack and kill cells needed to rebuild bone, while a subset of those same immune cells can protect the bone-making cells and allow regeneration to continue.

Exposure to common chemicals may alter how normal human breast tissue develops, according to a new study from researchers at Tufts University School of Medicine and Boston University

Stem cell-derived sperm have been a long-pursued goal. Now researchers have produced spermatogonia-like cells that resemble those found in the testes after birth.

The tissues of the mammalian body span a broad range of regenerative capacity, from the highly regenerative liver to the minimal regenerative capabilities of the brain and the heart. We might speculate that the evolutionary road to a reduced capability of regeneration in the central nervous system results need to retain structure that stores memory. The heart incorporates a complex electrical system, and the need to retain the structure of this system may also place constraints on the level of regeneration that can take place following injury. Heart damage, such as that resulting from a heart attack and consequent transient loss of blood supply to regions of the heart, heals poorly, and is typically characterized by fibrosis that is disruptive to heart tissue structure and […]

Researchers developed a method for testing how closely lab-grown blastoid models resemble real human embryos, finding that while some models perform well, none fully captures the complexity of early human development. The post A Method for Assessing Lab-Grown Stem Cell-Derived Embryo Models appeared first on GEN - Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News.

Imagine losing an arm and simply growing a new one. This amazing ability of regeneration isn't just something from a superhero movie—it actually happens in real life for some animals.

University of Sydney researchers have developed a new way to test how closely lab-grown biological models resemble real human embryos, finding that while some models perform well, none yet fully capture the complexity of early human development.

Doctors have long sought the ability to deliver drugs and molecules exactly where, and when, the body needs

The human brain is terrible at healing itself from injury or disease. But some animals can harness their

Researchers identified genes that enable the regeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in planarians. This provides a roadmap for investigating whether similar pathways can be activated in humans and potentially leveraged to treat traumatic brain injuries and neurodegenerative diseases. The post Genes Involved in Flatworm Brain Regeneration Identified appeared first on GEN - Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News.

Radicals, atoms or molecules that readily react with other substances to form new bonds, are useful tools for building complex substances such as pharmaceuticals. But even when a radical is generated efficiently, the reaction cannot continue unless the catalyst returns to its original state.

The human brain is terrible at healing itself from injury or disease. But some animals can harness their own cellular abilities not only to repair injuries but also to regrow their brains entirely. Researchers from the University of Georgia have pinpointed several of the genes that make brain regeneration possible in one type of flatworm.

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After an injury, DNA not only alters its activity but also the way it is organized spatially within the cell nucleus.

The company anticipates its two pumps will work with a next-generation insulin dosing algorithm.

After an injury, DNA not only changes its activity but also the way it is organized spatially within the cell nucleus. In this process, certain regions of DNA establish new physical contacts through chromatin loops that act as bridges, bringing together sequences that are far apart in the genome's linear sequence. Now, a study has identified—in an animal model—the formation of these loops as an essential step in tissue regeneration after an injury.

On a sunny spring day at Penn State, Cristin Millett, professor of art in the College of Arts and Architecture's School of Visual Arts, inserted a catheter needle into the umbilical vein of a placenta.

Europe’s largest urban regeneration project, the Ellinikon, a 6.2 million-sq-m redevelopment of Athens’ former international airport, has completed its latest stage. Called the Courtyards, the 324-unit residential neighbourhood is formed… The post Checking in on Europe’s largest urban regeneration project appeared first on Global Construction Review.

Editing a plant's genes is only half the battle. Before a new, improved trait can ever reach a farmer's field, scientists must be able to grow a whole plant from just a few edited cells—a process that can be slow, unreliable and, for some plant species, impossible.

Bone repair depends on skeletal progenitor cells (SPCs) moving to injured areas and developing into bone-forming cells, but how these cells respond to their surroundings remains unclear.

The field of regenerative medicine is gaining momentum. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) remain central to this field, with expanding applications as direct therapies and as producers of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs). This article examines the biological and regulatory factors shaping their promise. The post Regenerative Medicine in the Bronze Age: MSCs and MSC-EVs Leading the Way appeared first on GEN - Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News.

Nature is the foremost international weekly scientific journal in the world and is the flagship journal for Nature Portfolio. It publishes the finest peer-reviewed research in all fields of science and technology on the basis of its originality, importance, interdisciplinary interest, timeliness, accessibility, elegance and surprising conclusions. Nature publishes landmark papers, award winning news, leading comment and expert opinion on important, topical scientific news and events that enable readers to share the latest discoveries in science and evolve the discussion amongst the global scientific community.

A lab-grown micro bladder may explain why urinary tract infections (UTIs) return so frequently, according to a study led by researchers at UCL, the University of Oxford and the University of Leicester.

Researchers have demonstrated a series of biological tests that could serve as "proxies" for measuring how different regenerative agriculture practices could improve soil carbon—years before it would be possible to measure the carbon directly. The technique offers new insights into how effective various regenerative practices are at improving soil health.

Scientists study the underlying causes of a disease or test new potential drugs in animal models or cells obtained from human biopsy specimens before clinical trials.

The adult human brain has limited capacity to repair or regenerate neurons lost to Alzheimer's disease, the most common type of dementia.

By using chemical signals to guide cells to adopt distinct regional identities, scientists created lab-grown human organoids that mimic early brain development and could illuminate how specialized brain areas emerge. The post Lab-Grown Neocortex Models Mimic Early Brain Organization appeared first on GEN - Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News.

The human brain is often described as one of the most complex structures in biology, and much of its power comes from how it's organized. Its outer layer, the cerebral cortex, is not one uniform sheet. As the brain develops, it divides into distinct areas that each take on different jobs, from movement and vision to memory, language and social understanding.

New 3D-printed corneal implants could help make up for the shortage of donor corneas available for transplant procedures, say Precise Bio co-founders Aryeh Batt and Dr. Anthony Atala.

Researchers from the Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute (Stevens INI) at the Keck School of Medicine of USC have found that two distinct types of brain tissue work together to support cognition in older adults, and that the health of the brain's short-range wiring may help soften the cognitive effects of gray matter loss.

An interdisciplinary team of engineers and chemists at Penn State has laid the groundwork for 3D printing spheroids—tiny clusters of living cells—capable of regenerating bone tissue in response to severe trauma or infections.

Miniature models of the brain don't seem to follow the same developmental timetable as real brains, which matters for research.

An interdisciplinary team of engineers and chemists at Penn State has laid the groundwork to 3D print spheroids - tiny clusters of living cells - capable of regenerating bone tissue in response to severe trauma or infections.

Natural diamonds consistently command higher prices per carat than laboratory-grown synthetic diamonds, according to a large-scale analysis of online diamond sales published in the International Journal of Electronic Marketing and Retailing. This perhaps unsurprising finding suggests that the two products should be treated as distinct market segments.

Melbourne researchers have created human heart valve tissues from stem cells, providing a powerful new platform to advance treatments for childhood heart diseases.

Researchers at UC San Francisco have developed a new method to predict how different types of breast cancer will respond to treatment, using patient data from the I-SPY2 breast cancer trial and rapid testing on lab-grown mini tumors.

A comprehensive new review highlights the expanding importance of Lgr6, a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family, as a critical regulator of tissue homeostasis, injury repair, and disease development across multiple organ systems.

3D bioprinting allows scientists to build custom tissue structures for medicine, but printing soft tissues like the human brain remains a major challenge. The strong pushing forces required to squeeze biological materials through tiny printer nozzles often crush and damage sensitive cells, leading to low survival rates and weak printed structures.

In southeastern Madagascar, patches of forest that were once cut down to make way for farms are slowly regenerating naturally after being left to lie fallow. But recovering a native forest needs more than just gaining tree cover. The animals that once lived in these forests also need to make their way back so that the forest can function the way it used to.

A protein best known for protecting the ends of chromosomes also helps muscle stem cells preserve their identity and repair damaged tissue, according to a new study from researchers at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.

A new study reveals that lignin - a natural plant polymer - can be transformed into a bioactive material that promotes the formation of bone-like minerals while supporting the growth of bone-forming cells.

A new collaborative research project between Murdoch University and Walailak University (WU) aims to restore seagrass meadows in Thailand using 3D-printed pods made from bioplastics.

Miniature brain models grown from patients’ cells revealed striking differences in how Alzheimer’s-related tissue responds to an antidepressant. The organoids and the particles they release could eventually guide more personalized treatments and provide new clues for diagnosing the disease.

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Microglia are innate immune cells of the brain, analogous to macrophages elsewhere in the body. Both cell types are deeply involved in the intricate processes of tissue maintenance and regeneration. The central nervous system has only limited regenerative capacity, but it can regain some lost function following injury, such as that caused by a stroke. Researchers here find a way to improve the regenerative activities of microglia, and demonstrate that this intervention can improve outcomes following stroke in animal models. After a stroke, the brain launches a coordinated repair program that involves several types of cells. Among these, microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, play a pivotal role. Immediately after an injury, microglia are activated to trigger inflammation, but thereafter, they rapidly transition into a […]

For decades, medicine has chased a simple but elusive goal of delivering the right drug to the right place at the right time.

Lab-grown meat, gene editing and extreme fire: researchers' predictions for life in the 2100s

After a typhoon surprised a research cruise, scientists took advantage of the unique sampling opportunity to reveal rapid changes in bacterioplankton communities and biogeochemical cycling.

IMDEA Materials Institute has developed mechanically tunable hydrogel membranes that closely mimic the mechanical environment of human skin while remaining highly biocompatible, representing an improved platform for skin tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

A healthy bone marrow (BM) produces nearly all types of cells in our blood. Many blood disorders occur when hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the BM malfunction.

Tooth enamel is the hardest substance in the human body, yet once damaged, it cannot regenerate naturally.

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Primary bone tumors, such as osteosarcoma, have seen stagnant survival rates over the past four decades. Surgical removal of the tumor is critical, but local recurrence may occur when tumours are close to vital structures, often resulting in amputation

Researchers at National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), in collaboration with researchers from The University of Electro-Communications (UEC) and Akita Prefectural University, have discovered a new insect pathogen that invades the gut symbiotic organ of stink bugs by mimicking their symbiotic microorganism, ultimately killing the host bugs.

A study by a team of researchers from the Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences at Tel Aviv University offers new hope to millions of people with irreversible hearing loss. The researchers identified a unique biological mechanism that could, in the future, enable the regeneration of sensory hair cells in the inner ear—a process previously thought impossible in humans.

Therapies that increase muscle tissue regeneration following injury, and possibly also normal maintenance and growth of muscle tissue, are of great interest at present. The widespread use of GLP-1 receptor agonists to induce calorie restriction causes loss of muscle mass as well as fat mass, and so there is a strong financial incentive for the research and development of means to force the body to build more muscle. There was already a strong financial incentive in the sense that everyone loses muscle with age, and frailty is a prevalent and harmful state of poor health, but for some reason that was never as motivating to the development community. Nonetheless, recent years have seen a number of interesting new discoveries in the regulation of muscle regeneration […]

Two proteins with opposing functions orchestrate the development and maintenance of healthy skin, Stanford Medicine researchers have found.

Regenerative agriculture can deliver both economic and environmental benefits for European farmers, Wageningen University & Research (WUR) concludes in the research project Regenomics. Whether these benefits are actually present depends strongly on regional conditions, such as the availability of water and livestock manure. As a result, the transition to regenerative agriculture requires tailored, farm-specific approaches.

Taking a supplement before a hepatectomy, a surgery in which part of the liver is removed, may help the organ recover more quickly and become more resistant to further damage.

SCI often causes long-term motor and sensory deficits because the damaged tissue does not simply heal like many peripheral tissues.

Researchers here report on a novel a way to improve kidney regeneration following injury, using a technique that was developed as a treatment for an injured heart. It is interesting to consider whether it might work on other tissues as well. Perhaps more relevant is the question of whether the therapy would improve ongoing tissue maintenance in an aged organ in the absence of injury; that rather depends on the fine details of the biochemistry, and could go either way. A drug developed to help heart tissue repair itself after a heart attack might also help kidney tissue repair and regenerate, researchers have found. The drug, called AD-NP1, which was recently approved by the FDA for a Phase 1 clinical trial in humans, works in […]

Thrombospondin-1 is a component of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) produced by senescent cells. It has been shown in the past to induce blood-brain barrier dysfunction, but here researchers show that it also degrades mitochondrial function in macrophages, biasing those cells into the inflammatory M1 state. This in turn contributes to chronic inflammation and dysfunctional bone regeneration. The accumulation of senescent cells with age is known to be an important aspect of degenerative aging, and the SASP is known to change bystander cell behavior for the worse. There are likely countless mechanisms of this nature taking place in the aging body, all of which could be suppressed via reduction of the burden of senescent cells. The aging bone marrow microenvironment is characterized by chronic low-grade […]

Scientists have taken a surprising step toward unlocking regeneration in mammals, showing that the ability to rebuild complex body parts may not be lost after all—it may simply be switched off. Using a two-stage treatment, researchers redirected the body’s normal healing response away from scar formation and toward regrowth, successfully restoring bone, joints, ligaments, and tendons after amputation in animal studies.

A drug previously developed at UCLA to help heart tissue repair itself after a heart attack might also help kidney tissue repair and regenerate, researchers have found.

Mayo Clinic researchers have identified a previously unrecognized way the kidneys regulate water balance - an advance that could lead to improved treatments for polycystic kidney disease (PKD) and other disorders. The study, led by Fouad Chebib, M.D., a nephrologist at Mayo Clinic, is published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation.

Variants in the DHDDS gene cause a severe neurodegenerative condition, characterized by tremors, seizures, coordination and learning difficulties, usually manifesting in early childhood. This Parkinson's-like condition is extremely rare, and until recently, parents were told that there was nothing that could be done to slow down its progression.

Before testing new therapies in animals, researchers now have a more efficient starting point—lab-grown canine muscle cells that can help identify what works and what doesn't.

Cambridge scientists have grown miniature circuits in the lab that mimic how the brain and spinal cord connect

Exosomes emerge as a potential alternative to stem cells in regenerative medicine, and early studies suggest roles in skin rejuvenation, alopecia, and wound healing.

A new study from the Tufts University Center for Cellular Agriculture (TUCCA), recently published in Food Quality & Preference, explores how terminology influences consumer perceptions of cultivated meat products in the United States and Germany.

Researchers have made a new biomaterial that has a similar tensile strength as a fruit roll-up and could help reduce waste produced from indoor decor.

A team of Israeli scientists at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem has developed a novel method to significantly lower the production costs of cultivated meat. The new study demonstrates that preloading plant-derived cellulose scaffolds with growth factors supports the cost-efficient proliferation and differentiation of bovine stem cells. By binding these vital proteins directly to an anisotropic, directionally frozen framework instead of dispersing them in liquid media, this method achieves high-quality tissue development using up to 10 times fewer expensive factors. Upon multi-week cultivation and subsequent pan-frying, the cell-bound constructs show partially similar mechanical and visual responses to traditional sirloin cuts.

People who vape regularly show altered activity in 3,124 genes across the genome compared with people who do not smoke or vape.

An early 1900s rail and tram depot abandoned for almost 20 years in Rome will become a mixed-use private development designed by Stefano Boeri Architetti. The 16,000-sq-m Depositi delle Vittorie… The post Abandoned depot in Rome to become “virtuous example of urban regeneration” appeared first on Global Construction Review.

Natural diamond prices have plummeted due to the rise of lab-grown alternatives, which now dominate the engagement ring market, offering cost-effective and customisable options for couples

Cambridge scientists have grown miniature circuits in the lab that mimic how the brain and spinal cord connect up, which underlies our movements. They used this model to show how damage to these connections previously considered 'irreversible' could, in fact, be reversible.

Men who do not produce sperm can’t be helped by existing fertility treatments, but a start-up is now claiming it can grow their sperm in the lab. Columnist Michael Le Page suspects this technique will have to be combined with gene editing if it is to help many men

A new review shines a spotlight on efferocytosis, a critical biological process responsible for the removal of dead cells, as a central force in promoting efficient wound repair and maintaining tissue balance.

It is known that the antiepileptic drug valproate increases the risk of developmental disorders in unborn children.

The new system, termed KGN@PB@CM, combines several advanced elements. Prussian blue (PB) nanozymes act as potent reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers, while kartogenin (KGN)-a small molecule that promotes stem cell migration and tenogenic differentiation-is loaded onto the PB core.